• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A process of making cellulated glass beads by forming a mixture comprising glass particles and cellulating agent into nodules, heat treating the nodules to cause fusion of glass and evolution of gas from the cellulating agent to form cellulated glass beads, and cooling the cellulated glass beads to a rigid condition. The cellulating agent utilized has the characteristic of creating expansion forces due to the evolution of gas during heat treatment which are generated wholly or mainly while the glass viscosity is within the range 106.5 to 108.5 poises. The heat treatment is carried out with a quantity of cellulating agent at a maximum cellulation temperature which is not above the temperature corresponding with a glass viscosity of 105.5 poises and for a time such that the beads immediately following the heat treatment are populated with cells, and after cooling have a bulk density of not more than 0.5 g/cm3 and a water-permeability of less than 15% by volume determined by the immersion test herein specified.
    公开号:SU1009275A3
    申请号:SU782616797
    申请日:1978-05-18
    公开日:1983-03-30
    发明作者:Топен Пьер；Глинер Мишель；Флореан Жан
    申请人:Бфг Глассгруп (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    V /
    The invention relates to the manufacture of porous beads, which consists in the fact that a mixture consisting of glass particles and a blowing agent is molded; into granules, which are subjected to heat treatment in order to remove the gas from the pore-forming agent and cause the melting of glass particles, and then cooled to a solid state.
    The closest to the invention according to the technical essence and the achieved result is a method of making porous glass beads by molding g into granules of a mixture of particles and a gaseous agent in the form of calcium carbonate in the amount of 1.72.7%, and subsequent heat treatment of the granules tl3,
    The disadvantages of this method are high bulk density and high water permeability.
    The purpose of the invention is the formation of balls with a volume weight of not more than 0.5 g / cm and a water permeability less than 15% by volume, as determined by Submersion Tests.
    The goal is achieved in that according to the method of making porous glass beads by molding into a granule a mixture of particles and a gasifier in the form of calcium carbonate in the amount of l, -2, 7% and subsequent heat treatment; and the granules, the granules are thermally processed at 8OO- 82o C, with balls with a diameter of less than 3 mm for 2-3 minutes, and balls with a diameter of more than 3 mm for no more than 7 minutes.
    The drawing shows a techno logical scheme for obtaining porosity of glass balls.
    The mixture of glass particles and the blowing agent from the hopper 1 is fed to the conveyor 2, which feeds the mixture to the inclined rotating plate i 3, which is constantly returning to: nod water from the sprayer 4. The resulting pasty mass is unloaded from the plate in the form of granules, these granules are dropped onto mesh support tape. tunnel furnace 5. During their transportation through the furnace, the granules are heated with hot gels, coming from generator 6 through feed pipes 7, and with hot gases extracted from previous stages of the process through feed pipes oprovody 8. In the .5J kiln, the granules are dried and carried out a sintering-heat treatment step. The temperature of the furnace 5 is between 600 and in order to cause sintering of the glass particles in the surface layers of the granules.
    The pellets coming from the furnace 5 are fed to a briquacadium conveyor, onto which feldspar is distributed.
    from the hopper 9. The feldspar serves to prevent the granules from sticking to the walls of the pore-forming furnace in which the second heat treatment step is carried out. The vibrating conveyor 10 feeds the pellets into a rotary, conventional type furnace 11, which is heated by hot gases from the generator 12. The temperature of the furnace 11 is about.
    0 Consequently, the blowing agent is activated, and the viscosity of the glass in the glass particles in the individual ECUs is reduced so much to cause the glass to merge into monolithic
    5 weight. As a result, the globules are transformed into porous glass beads.
    Porous balls coming out of the rotary oven 11, pass t | through an annealing furnace 13 having a cooling system 14.
    Example. The crushed and most-aged glass with an average time) at a measure of 6 µm and a specific surface of 3500 is mixed in
    5 Amount of 2.1% glass plumb and water in the amount of approximately 10% of the weight of glass and lime. The mixture is thoroughly mixed, the granules of the mixture are molded when feeding it
    Q on a rotating granulating disc. The granules leaving the disc are carefully distributed as a single layer on a lethalic mesh tape, over which granules of size 5-10 mm
    . They are transported through a furnace tunnel, and at a temperature of 100% of the corresponding viscosity of the glass, approximately between and P. The granules remain in the furnace for 13 minutes. In the first 10 minutes
    globules dry out and by this time
     get the temperature of the furnace. The globules are left at this temperature for about 2 or 3 minutes. It is enough for the glass particles in the surface layers of the individual. Globs to begin.
    5 bake. The quality of this product (sintering is wet is wet. It can have a big impact on the properties of the finished product.
    These are superficially sintered globes.
    ly served in a rotating drum
    oven at a temperature (about 10 P of appropriate glass viscosity). The granules remain in the oven for 3-4 minutes. During this period
    5 times a constant rotation of the drum maintains the granules in the rolling contact / mutual contact. Glass particles soften, and limestone decomposes with the release of CO, causing pore formation. This gas evolution begins mainly when the glass's viscosity is lower than 10 ° C and lasts as long as the glass's viscosity decreases to
    5 10 P. Granules are transformed into porous glass beads, approximately twice the size of the initial granules, and the balls are characterized by a thickened glass structure with cells distributed throughout the volume of the balls. These balls are fed to a metal belt of a conveyor, with which they are transported to a burning tunnel, in which the balls are brought to the burning temperature (about) and kept at this temperature for 10–15 minutes. Then the balls are rapidly cooled to room temperature. The resulting balls have a bulk weight between 0.12-0.18 g / cm. The balls have a low water resistance, which follows from the fact that after being immersed in water at room temperature for 24 hours; balls. Absorb less than 7 vol.% VODEL. After water has been absorbed by the balls for 24 hours in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of 99%, it was less than 0/25 May,%. The absorption of water is lower for balls that have a bulk density in the upper part of the specified interval of this bulk density and is 3 vol. ,% and less; 0.1 May.%, Respectively, under certain conditions. Balls have crushing strength. 6ojfee 15 kg even those that have the smallest bulk weight .. Balls have properties that make them suitable for use as a filler in the manufacture of ceramics and other shaped blocks for use as a thermal insulation material, for example, in the walls of cavities, I Can modify the conditions in the manufacture of balls with low water permeability and low bulk weight using a base mixture with 2.25% lime by weight of glass. The balls obtained have properties that are similar. Balls with even better properties are made using the process described above, but when using a scientific research institute of the initial mixture of particles of sodium-lime glass with a higher specific surface area of up to 7000 CM / g. The initial mixtures with 20 May,% of water are successfully used. In another modification, the granules of the mixture after molding on the rotating granulating disk and drying are introduced; into the furnace, j maintained at, During the heating of the granules in this furnace, sintering of glass particles occurs first and then gas evolution causing pore formation and the transformation of granules into steel balls. This process using stepwise heat treatment. not as easily controlled as the process of two separate stages in different kilns to get the same quality of particles. PRI me R 2, JSpobneaqe known. Glass with an average grain size of b µm and a specific surface of 3500 is mixed with crushed lime having a grain size of 4 µm in an amount of 2.1% by weight of the glass and water is added in an amount of about 10% by weight of glass and limestone. The mixture is thoroughly mixed to form a paste on a tray or disc, from which the paste granules are unloaded and carefully distributed one by one: a granule on a metal mesh belt, with which the particles are approximately 8-10 mm in size. transport through a tunnel oven maintained at a temperature of 650bVO C (corresponding to a glass viscosity of about 10 - P), the granules remain in the furnace for about 15 minutes. During the first 10 minutes, the granules dry out and by this time take on the oven temperature. The granules remain at this temperature for 5 minutes. This is sufficient to cause sintering of the glass particles in the surface layers of the individual granules. The quality of this surface sintering is very important because it has a great influence on the properties of the cooking product,. The surface-sintered granules are then rapidly cooled to 250-300 ° C to cause the granules to crack or break, which are immediately crushed. The crusher granules are sieved to separate very small particles, mainly. . glasses that return to the stage; graze at the start of the production line. The remaining crushed speckled granules have a size in the range of 0.25-1.5 mm. These very small furnace granules are then fed into a rotating, drum oven (withstand a temperature of 810-820 ° C, the corresponding glass viscosity of about –10 P, -And leave them in this; furnace for During this time, the granules are maintained in continuous rolling contact by the Bjat drum, the glass particles soften and are known to decompose with the release of CO / i, causing pore formation, the granules are transformed into porous glass beads. The release of CO begins, mainly while viscosity. flowed down to 10 n and continued until glass viscosity decreased to 10 n. The balls are characterized by a foam glass structure with cells distributed throughout the volume of the balls. Adding feldspar or other anti-adhesive agent. The possibility of sticking the granules to each other or with the walls of the drum.
    The beads are cooled to the burning temperature (about 500®) and kept at this temperature for 10-15 minutes. Then the balls are rapidly cooled. To room temperature.
    . The balls obtained are twice as large as the crushed sintered granules, i.e. 0.5-3 mm, and megapot. weight. 0,280, 47 kg / l (g / cm) depending on. their size. The balls have a very low water permeability, corresponding to a water absorption of 5-6% after 24 hours immersion in water at room temperature. Water absorption tends to decrease with increasing bulk density to the top 1 boundary in this range. ,
    The method corresponding to the above specific example can be carried out at the installation described above for example 1 (see
    drawing) with the addition of a suitable crusher for agglomerated granules.
    At. modifications of this process, the balls leaving the rotary kiln, are rapidly cooled to room temperature without interrupting cooling at the firing temperature. - The fragility of the cooled balls is very small.
    In another modification, the granules exiting from the rotating disk are shrinked as well. food grains of 0.25-0.5 mm in size are preserved and distributed on a metal mesh belt for the sintering stage, the process is continued as described above, except that the op-step crushing stage between sintering and pore formation. Ready balls have a low water permeability. Their bulk density is about 0.45 kg / l (g / cm-).
    To modify the rotary unit, it can be replaced with a vertical oven, in which crushed dried pellets are directed upwardly with a stream of hot gas) t are heated in such a way to cause the granules to transform into porous stacks of 1J balls i before they are taken out treat with exhaust gases.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1]
    METHOD FOR PRODUCING POROUS GLASS BALLS by molding into a granule a mixture of particles of an igase forming agent in the form of calcium carbonate in an amount of 1.7-2.7% and subsequent heat treatment of the granules, such as purpose. obemnm formation of beads with a weight of not more than 0.5 g / cc and a permeability of less than 9 to 15% by volume, determined · · tests | pogruzheyiom, gra = nuly in heat-treated at 800-820 C, the beads, with a diameter less Zmmv 2-3 min, and widths with a diameter of more than 3 mm for no more than 7 minutes.
    SIU 1009275>.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU1009275A3|1983-03-30|Method for making porous glass spheres
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    DE2820432A1|1978-11-30|
    JPS53142424A|1978-12-12|
    FI781454A|1978-11-20|
    FI62659C|1983-02-10|
    DK203678A|1978-11-20|
    NO145004C|1981-12-28|
    CA1117988A|1982-02-09|
    BE866883A|1978-11-10|
    SE7805267L|1978-11-20|
    NL7805446A|1978-11-21|
    IT7868007D0|1978-05-03|
    CS222259B2|1983-06-24|
    LU79661A1|1978-11-06|
    US4234330A|1980-11-18|
    GB1597154A|1981-09-03|
    JPS6048457B2|1985-10-28|
    FI62659B|1982-10-29|
    NO145004B|1981-09-14|
    NO781636L|1978-11-21|
    FR2391169B1|1984-11-23|
    BR7803183A|1979-01-16|
    FR2391169A1|1978-12-15|
    IT1147756B|1986-11-26|
    PL111632B1|1980-09-30|
    PL206832A1|1979-02-26|
    ES469850A1|1980-02-01|
    CH634285A5|1983-01-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2691248A|1950-12-19|1954-10-12|Pittsburgh Corning Corp|Nodulated cellular glass and method of forming|
    BE625605A|1961-12-26|
    NL302651A|1962-12-24|
    BE621501A|1964-06-26|1900-01-01|
    US3443920A|1966-03-17|1969-05-13|Shell Oil Co|Method of producing foamed glass having uniform cell size|
    GB1551015A|1975-11-14|1979-08-22|Bfg Glassgroup|Moulded products and the manufacture thereof|US4198224A|1978-08-16|1980-04-15|Pittsburgh Corning Corporation|Process for making a cellulated vitreous material|
    CH637355A5|1978-10-06|1983-07-29|Millcell Ag|FOAM GLASS GRANULES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF.|
    CH637606A5|1978-11-30|1983-08-15|Millcell Ag|Foam glass granules and method for producing.|
    JPS55139535A|1979-04-15|1980-10-31|Matsushita Electric Works Ltd|Cantilever type plate spring|
    FR2491454B1|1980-10-03|1984-12-28|Charbonnages De France|
    FR2578828B1|1985-03-13|1990-06-22|Centre Nat Rech Scient|CRYSTALLIZED ALUMINOSILICATE WITH EXPANDED STRUCTURE AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF|
    US4677022A|1986-01-24|1987-06-30|Potters, Industries, Inc.|Process for making lightweight body suitable for use as an additive in an article of manufacture, such lightweight body itself, and composite containing same|
    CA1274255A|1987-01-14|1990-09-18|Kirin Beer Kabushiki Kaisha|Method for producing granular multi-cellular glassand the glass produced by the method|
    US4769057A|1987-05-12|1988-09-06|Pittsburgh Corning Corporation|Fluidized bed cellulation process|
    US5234590A|1992-03-25|1993-08-10|E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company|High strength and light tubesheets for hollow fiber membrane permeators|
    NO327599B1|2005-11-17|2009-08-31|Has Holding As|Underground oven for foaming glass materials|
    DE102014113854A1|2014-09-24|2016-03-24|Ev Group E. Thallner Gmbh|Method for producing a glass optical element|
    RU2610615C1|2015-12-31|2017-02-14|Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Сферастек"|Furnace for foaming granules|
    RU2611093C1|2015-12-31|2017-02-21|Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Сферастек"|Method to produce foamed granules|
    RU2629506C1|2016-06-20|2017-08-29|Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Баскей Керамик"|Method of manufacturing granulated foam glass and granulated foam glass crystalline materials and device for its implementation|
    WO2019002561A1|2017-06-30|2019-01-03|Glassolite As|Preparation of sintered granulate for the manufacturing of a foamed glass pellets|
    WO2021229399A1|2020-05-10|2021-11-18|Valunor Ag|Method and furnace for producing expanded silica particles|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB21153/77A|GB1597154A|1977-05-19|1977-05-19|Glass beads|
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